Monday, December 10, 2007

Particulars of patient

Name:Khong Fay Seah
Sex:Female
Age:27
Clinical Diagnosis
Complaints: fever,chills,dysuria
Diagnosis:urinary tract infection
Antibiotic treatment: if any (nil)


Possible Microorganisms

Description

Investigations

Escherichia coli(Most common cause of UTI)


-Belongs to family of Enterobacteriaceae(Escherichia)

-Clinical findings: UTI (Pyelonephritis and Cystitis), diarrhea disease

-Is a member of normal intestinal flora

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram negative rod

-Culture: Haemolyic colonies on blood agar, lactose fermenting colonies (Red/Pink) on MacConkey agar, green metallic sheen on EMB agar

-Biochemical tests:
-Indole positive
-Methyl red positive
- Voges-Proskauer (VP) negative
-Urease negative
-Citrate negative
-Catalase positive
-Oxidase negative
-TSI: acidic slant/acidic deep/no H2S

-Susceptibility testing: ampicillin, cephalosporin, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides

Staphylococcus saprophyticus(Second most common cause of UTI)


-Belongs to family of staphylococci

-Clinical findings: Urinary tract infection

-Present in the urinary tract and bladder of sexually active females

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram positive cocci in clusters

-Culture: Pale colonies on blood agar

-Biochemical tests:
-Catalase positive
-Coagulase negative

-Susceptibility testing:Quinilone

Klebsielle Pneumoniae


- Belongs to family of Enterobacteriaceae(Klesbsiella)

- Clinical findings: urinary tract infection

-Present in the respiratory tract and feces of about 5% normal individuals

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram negative rod

-Culture: Pink, mucoid colonies on MacConkey agar

-Biochemical tests:
-Indole negative
- Methyl red negative
-Voges-Proskauer reaction positive
- Urease negative
-Citrate positive
- TSI: acidic slant/acidic deep/no H2S

-Susceptibility testing:Cephalosporin

Enterobacter aerogenes


- Belongs to family of Enterobacteriaceae(Enterobacter)

- Clinical findings: urinary tract infections and sepsis

- Present in the intestinal tract-

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram negative rod

-Culture:Pink to purple colonies on EMB agar

-Biochemical tests:
-Indole negative
-methyl red negative
-VP positive
-urease negative
- Citrate positive
-TSI: acidic slant/acidic deep/no H2S

Susceptibility testing: cephalosporin

Proteus mirabilis


- Belongs to family of Enterobacteriaceae(Proteus)

- Clinical findings: urinary tract infections and produce bacteremia, pneumonia

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram negative rod
-Culture: Pale colonies on MacConkey agar, swarming growth on blood agar

-Biochemical testing:
-Indole negative
-Methyl red positive
-VP positive/negative
-Urease positive
- Citrate positive
-Oxidase negative
-TSI: alkaline slant/acidic deep/H2S

-Susceptibility testing: penicillin, cephalosporins, quinolones

Enterococcus faecalis


- Belongs to family of Streptococci

-Clinical findings: abdominal abscess, urinary tract infection ((bladder infection, Pyelonephritis)

-Present in colon

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram positive cocci in chains

-Culture: Red dot colonies on MacConkey agar

-Biochemical testing:
-Decolourise the litmus milk,
-Indole negative
-Catalase negative

-Susceptibility testing: Vancomycin,ampicillin

Pseudonomas aeruginosa


- Belongs to family of Pseudomonads

-Clinical findings: Typically infects the pulmonary tract, urinary tract(Pyelonephritis)

-Distributed in nature and is commonly present in moist environments in hospital

-Microscopy and gram staining: Gram positive spherical

-Culture: Greenish pyocyanin pigment on MacConkey agar

-Biochemical testing:
-Indole negative
-Urease negative
-Oxidase positive,
-TSI: allaline slant/alkaline deep

-Susceptibility testing: Ciprofloxacin,imipenam





PICTURES OF THE POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE AGENTS



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E Coli ( red dot colonies on Mac agar)

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K. Pneumonia (red/pink colonies on Mac)

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Staphyloccocus Saprophyticus
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Enterococcus faecalis
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Enterobacter aerogenes
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Proteus mirabillis
References

http:www.yahoo.com>image search> Proteus mirabilis
http:www.yahoo.com>image search> Enterobacter Aerogenes
http:www.yahoo.com>image search>Enterococcus faecalis
http:www.yahoo.com>image search>Pseudomonas aeruginosa
http:www.yahoo.com>image search>Staphyloccocus Saprophyticus
http:www.yahoo.com>image search>K. Pneumonia
http:www.yahoo.com>image search> E Coli
http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/~johnson/labtools/Dbiochem/emb.html>EMB agar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MacConkey_agar> MacConkey Agar
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_agar#Blood_agar_types> blood agar
Book
Tony Hart, Paul Shears (2004).Color Atlas of Medical Microbiology: Elsevier’s Health Sciences Department





kai lin
0503211E

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