I was posted to the routine laboratory which deal with all body fluid, these include urine, peritoneal fluid, CSF and semen as well. Today i will be posting about semen analysis which is a pretty interesting topic itself.
Semen analysis is the testing for male infertility problems. This test provide information about the quality and quantity of the sperms. The semen sample is analysed for volume, viscosity, pH and colour of the ejaculate, sperm concentration, motility and morphology. It is also examine for presence of RBC or WB which is often an indicator of infection, inflammation.
The ejaculate should be obtained after at least 3 days of abstinence from sexual intercourse and is best produced by masturbation. The entire ejaculater is collected in a clean sterile container. Condom must NOT be used as it is spermicidal. The sample must be examined within 1-2 hours after collection.
Procedure:
a. Measure the volume received
b. Note the appearance; record and abnormalities such as change in colour, decreased in turbidity or presence of blood.
c. Note the change in viscosity.
d. SQA 11 C- P will provide information on progressive motility and normal morphology
e. Aggluntination- exmaine under microscope for clumping of spermatoza
f. viability:
1) Add a drop of seminal fluid to 1 drop of eosin stain in a 75x 10 mm test tube
2) Mix and stand for 5 minutes
3) Examine under 40 x objective for viable spermatoza. Dead spermatoza will be stained pink
g. pH - Dip a pH indicator strip into the seminal fluid and record the result using the standarh chart
h. Cell count (density)
1) Mix the seminal fluid thoroughtly and dilute fluid to a 1:20 concentration
2) Mix and count in KOVA slide
i. % motility -Mix specimen well. Place a drop into the glass slide and read microscopically. ( Note the quality of motility and progression)
Interpretation
a. Volume: norma volume ranges between 1.5-6.0ml
b. Appearance:
1) Colour- normal semen appear grey to white opalescent fluid. Different colour may indicate problem
2) Viscosity - hyper viscosity may impair sperm motility
3) Liquefaction - Normal time frame is 10-30 minutes.
c. Normal sperm count is > 20 x 10^6sperm/ml
d. Motility - sperm motility study identifies the number if motile sperm seen in an ejaculate specimen.
e. Morphology - Nomal sperm have oval head shapes, an intact central and an uncoiled single tail.
f. Aggluntination - presence of aggluntination can be caused by antisperm antibody.
g. pH - normal pH should range from 7.2-8.0
Ching Wei
0503288C
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12 comments:
woah..didn't know so much go into semen analysis..hkakhak.. it sounds super interesting...anyway, i got a few qn to ask u:
1. why must the person abstain from sex at least three days?
2. u mentioned that the dead sperms will be stained pink, what about the viable sperms?
3. What's a KOVA slide?
4. if the sample is not analyzed within 1-2 hrs, what are the actions u guys will take?
tt's all abt it...enjoy ur SIP:)
Nur Zahirah (TG02)
hi ching wei. Wow this is interesting haha. Can i know what other problems the patient may have if it shows abnormal colour? What will happen to the sample if it is not analyzed within 1-2h after collection? If patient has prostate cancer, how it will affect the results? Thanks
Ci Liang
TG01
Hey
I have just one query. You mentioned in your post that the presence of aggluntination can be caused by antisperm antibody.
Im wondering what could/would cause the presence of the antisperm antibody.
Just in case. Hahaha.
Thanks,
Azhar TG01
hiya,
wanna ask ya what if the ph of the sperm is abnormal? what does this indicate? thanks ya
michelle
HELlo
I have one question to ask you mentioned that different colour may indicate problem rite. what are some of the colours that indicates a prob and can u give few examples of such problems ?? can this test indicate if the man is impotent??
Vinodhini
TGO2
Yo chingwei!
Interesting topic...
So I'm sure you'll get interesting questions!
Anyways why must the semen sample be tested within 1-2 hours of collection? Will it like evaporate or something? Or will the freshness affect the motility of the sperm?
Randall
TG02
heyz ching wei,
ok. In the first place, does the semen of a normal helathy male has viscous semen? How do you measure the the viscosity of semen? What actually cause this high viscosity?
Loh Sharon, tg 01
Hi
Haha. This is an interesting topic. How do you observe the motility of sperms? Under the microscope?
Cheers
~Ye Tun, TG01
hihi
What does clumping of spermatoza mean? as u mention to examine under micrscope.
Juexiu
tg02
Hey Ching Wei,
May I know whether the specimen has to be sent with ice bag so that the sperms won't die? hehe.
Look forward to ur reply. Thanks! =)
Doreen Ng (tg 01)
To Zahirah
A person must abstrain from sex for 3 day to allow sufficient amount of quality sperm to be produced in the first place. A kova slide is a slide with 9 square grid that allow you to perform counting of cells more easily.
To Ci liang
The sperm sample DIE DIE DIE also must be analysed within 1-2 hours. What we analyzing is the sperm quality and this is not a screening test for prostate cancer. As the prostate gland produce the fluid for the semen, we will expect the semen to be more "dry"
To azhar
If there is presence of anti-sperm anitbody, it mean there is a immunoligical fertilty impairment. Only IgA and IgG class are of clinical significant.This is the cause of infertility.
To Michelle
Sperm pH is more likely to be alkaline in order to neutralise the acidic pH in the vagina of the female.If the pH is abnormal, it will affect the sperm quality and this mean there is a need to identify what is causing the decrease in pH.
To Vino
Yes, this test is a screening for infertility. The colour must of grey to white. If there is other colour for example red which may indicate presence of RBC, indicating likely inflammation of the gonald
To Randall
Yes, all liquid evaporate and the same go for semen sample. within 1-2 hours analysis willl give us the most accuarate result.
To sharon,
The lab i am attached to only used viscousity as a noted appearance. It will be included in the report and for the doctor to make reference.
To Ye Tun
Yes, under the microscope, you will be able to observe the sperm "swimming".
To Juexiu
Clumping mean that there is presence of anitbodies
To doreen
Semen sample won't be sent in ice as we need to note the down the time taken for it to liquify.
hey.. sry for asking sth late.. juz wondering wad are the abnormalities that could be observed.. and how usually will the lab personnels report them.. thanks..
Jia Hao
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